Eusa Review Forum Europe's Evolving Framework for External Action Foreign, Security and Defence Policy and the Lis- Bon Treaty: Significant or Cosmetic Reforms?

for the CFSP and ESDP in the early 21st century. Our three essays will help readers begin to sort it out. Richard Whitman (co-chair of the EUSA’s “EU as a Global Actor” interest section) offers a clear exposition of some of the nuts and bolts of CFSP change in the Lisbon Treaty. These were both the main CFSP-related elements of the Constitutional Treaty and, as he observes, are still likely to be implemented in some form eventually. Frédéric Merand considers the broader context of military and security integration across the member-states, and relates ongoing developments therein to the broader context of political-science theory as well. Historian Piers Ludlow provides a different kind of context, surveying the recent literature on security and military issues in the early decades of the EU project. Whether taken together or read separately, they provide students and experts alike with useful points of departure to untangle the complexities of Europe’s evolving framework for external action.